Oral Syphilitic Lesion Mimicking Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report - Click here

Oral syphilis can present with diverse and atypical clinical features, occasionally resembling oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This case report describes a syphilitic oral lesion that clinically and histopathologically mimicked malignancy, leading to initial diagnostic uncertainty.

The lesion presented as an indurated ulcer with irregular margins, raising strong suspicion of OSCC. Histopathological evaluation and serological testing ultimately confirmed Treponema pallidum infection. Appropriate antibiotic therapy resulted in complete lesion resolution, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis.

This case highlights the need to include syphilis in the differential diagnosis of non-healing oral ulcers, especially in high-risk patients, to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary aggressive treatment.